Agatha Christie

Agatha Christie real name was Agatha Mary Clarissa was born in 1890. She was a fictional crime writer with about 80 detective novels credited to her.   Her father was a rich stockbroker; while her mother was British aristocrat; while her sister and brother older than her. Her father died when she was young that lead her mother to resort to Agatha Christieing.Her writing career spanned more than 50 years; where she wrote more than 80 detective works including short stories and plays; such as The Mousetrap that opened in London in 1952 and is still running.   Her first novel was The Mysterious Affair at Styles was published in 1920; where she created the famous detective Poirot.This was her famous character which was depicted in more than 33 novels and 54 short stories. Another of her famous character was Miss Maple that appeared in more than 12 novels and 20 short stories.Agatha Christi has been considered the best selling writer of all times in the Guinness Book of Records. She w as been the only writer that has competed the Shakespeare as her books has reached about one billion sold copies.Her books have also been translated into many languages including French. For example; she is considered all time best seller as over 40 million copies have been sold in France.Due to her enormous success and popularity she was made Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire. Christi died at the age of 85 on 12 Jan, 1976 of natural causes in her home at Cholsey parish in Oxfords hire (UK).ReferenceKatheen Gregory Klein, Great Women Mystery Writers: Classic to Contemporary. : Greenwood, 1994.Earl F. Bargainnier, The Gentle Art of Murder: The Detective Fiction of Agatha Christie . Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1980.Patricia D. Maida, Nicholas B. Spornic, Murder She Wrote: A Study of Agatha Christie's Detective Fiction . owling Green State University Popular Press, 1982.â€Å"Queen of Crime.† http://uk.agathachristie.com/site/about_christie/quee n_of_crime.php. 10 Nov 2007

Conflict of Cultural Expectations

Social expectations are something every person faces. No matter one’s gender, ethnicity, or class, everyone feels pressure to behave a certain way, and I believe one of the most defining character traits is whether one chooses to conform to these social pressures or to pave his or her own path in life. Despite the existence of social norms in every culture, certain cultures hold these expectations in much higher regards than others, and breaking such social laws can have detrimental consequences.In Women of the Silk and Jasmine, we see numerous examples of societal expectations of women, as well as the different ways in which the women characters respond. This gives us insight into their individual strengths and weaknesses, specifically involving how they cope with the struggle between what they want and what is expected of them. In Women of the Silk, there is great significance placed on expectations of women, specifically in China circa 1920’s, including pressures to live a certain lifestyle and behave in an appropriate manner at all times.The differences between how women react to these pressures is first depicted by the contrast between Pei and her older sister Li. While from my modern American perspective Pei is clearly the stronger, more admirable of the two, this is quite opposite from the traditional Chinese perspective of the time. Li is a principal example of the ideal woman from the Chinese culture perspective. She is, by nature, a dutiful and submissive girl, who wishes to please others and stick to the status quo. This is evident throughout childhood, and continues as she gets older and is expected to marry.In contrast, Pei is curious by nature, always asking questions and seeking answers, despite being reprimanded frequently for doing so. Li’s passive nature and Pei’s bold, defiant manner are revealed throughout the novel, beginning with their childhood. For example, whenever the two girls play together, Pei is always t he one running ahead and then stopping to wait on her sister. Pei asks questions which Li calmly answers, and while Pei explores her surroundings, Li is content to sit still and quietly.One passage on page 19 of the text reads, â€Å"†¦Next to [Pei], she could hear Li’s even breathing and feel her calmness. Li’s hands rested quietly on her knees, while Pei’s felt the ground beside them for anything that would make the water splash. † This example depicts the dissimilarity between the two girls’ personalities and contrasts Pei’s curiosity with Li’s contentment. This difference between the sisters is significant in that it is the factor that ultimately dictates which of them their father, Pao, will decide to send to work in the silk factory.After visiting a fortune teller, who predicts that Li will get married but is unsure of Pei’s fate, Pao decides that Pei is better suited to work at the factory, as there is no guarantee of being able to marry her off and lighten the family’s financial burden. Consequently, Pei’s life is set in motion on an unusual path, and one that certainly does not conform to the standards and expectations of women at the time. Li’s subservient nature is further proven later in the novel, when she marries a much older farmer simply because she thinks it is what is expected of her.While her father does not force her to marry the farmer, she does anyway because it is what she is â€Å"supposed† to do, and she assumes it will please her family. Likewise, she still does not go back to her family when she finds out that her new husband is violent and abusive, as women are expected to be loyal to their husbands no matter what. Although this trait of being passive and obedient is considered to be a positive attribute within her culture, it is one that seems to come at a much larger price than it is worth.While Pei may not be overjoyed to be sent to the facto ry, I would consider her fate far less tragic than that of Li’s marriage to the farmer. Just as Li’s compliance stays with her as she matures out of childhood, so does Pei’s curiosity. At the silk factory, Pei asks questions primarily to Lin, who answers them with a kind of patience and willingness that Pei is not accustomed to. Pei’s impulsive nature is exposed once again when she decides, on a whim, that she wants to go through the hair dressing ceremony with Lin.Pei and Li’s mother, Yu-sung, grew up in a family that allowed her to forego social expectations for women and instead encouraged her lively spirit and curiosity. However, when she marries, she faces much heavier social pressure to become quiet and submissive. Rather than refusing to conform to these expectations, she adapts to the fullest extent. Now, as we see by her obedience to Pao, her entire disposition has changed drastically since her childhood. Yu-sung never states her thoughts if they conflict with those of her husband.For example, although she does not necessarily agree that Pei should be sent to work, she would never utter a single word of protest, especially to Pao. While in our culture it is expected that a married couple make important decisions together, Yu-sung does not get involved in any critical family decisions throughout the novel, no matter how strongly she feels. This isn’t to say she is apathetic by any means, as it is revealed upon Pei’s return how much she truly cares.However, it does show the high priority she places on fulfilling her roles as a woman and a wife properly and in the way anticipated of her. Another example of a character that, like Pei, refuses to conform to social norms and expectations is Auntie Yee’s daughter, Chen Ling. Chen Ling is portrayed as a charismatic leader among the girls at the silk factory, and it is made evident that she lives according to her own expectations of herself rather than pr essure she feels from others and/or society in general.For example, Chen Ling is the first to decide to go through a hair dressing ceremony, clearly showing that she likes to pave her own path in life rather than taking a trail someone else has already paved. For this reason, although Chen Ling is not a particularly sociable character, she captures my respect and admiration throughout the novel. The intensity of the pressure placed on women in this culture is difficult to comprehend in this day and age. However, the character in the novel that helps me develop a better understanding of the true force behind these pressures is Mei-li.Mei-li faces her family’s expectation of her to marry the man they chose for her, whether love exists between the two or not. She also faces society’s expectations, which dictate that sex outside of marriage is inexcusable. All of the stress and weight of these pressures are what ultimately drive Mei-li to commit suicide. In this instance, it seems to me that Mei-li’s actions are less representative of her own character, but rather say more about the society as a whole.Her suicide calls attention to the injustice in the existence of such extreme pressure and inequality that is capable of causing someone to end their own life. In Jasmine, the main character, Jasmine, shows characteristics of both strength and weakness. The expectations she faces are somewhat different between the Indian background she comes from and the American culture circa 1980’s in which she becomes immersed, and she handles them in different ways as well. The first time we see Jasmine refusing to follow the â€Å"gender rules† of society is when she kills Half Face in chapter 17 of the novel.She mentions that this is not her first time being raped; it has happened on many other accounts before. However, this time, rather than act in a submissive manner again as one would expect of an Indian woman, especially one so badly frigh tened, Jasmine loses control of her calm facade and brutally kills her rapist, referred to as Half Face. The second instance I notice in which Jasmine is nonconforming in regards to social norms is when she stays at the house of the Vadhera family.Rather than keeping her thoughts to herself, she takes matters into her own hands and is open about being unhappy there, which ultimately leads to her moving to New York. If she had not made anyone else aware of her depressed feelings, Jasmine would have stayed true to her role as a traditional Indian woman, at the expense of her true hopes and dreams. In contrast to these examples and to what we had learned throughout the book of Jasmine’s somewhat rebellious nature, one might argue that she â€Å"settles† when moves to Iowa and stays with Bud.Although she is not in love with Bud, she stays at first because he is good to her and because she feels pity for him. However, when Taylor shows up to bring her back with him, Jasmine ’s true colors shine through again, as she is unwilling to refuse herself happiness to convenience others or satisfy their expectations of her. While it may be mistaken as selfishness that leads her to behave this way, I think of it more as a strength. Jasmine is able to claim her own life by refusing to conform to the social expectations of her Indian culture or of American ulture. While characters from these two novels approach societal expectations in different manners, I think the same is true in every culture. There will always be a large contrast between those who go after what they want and refuse to be deterred by social pressure versus those who would rather fold to authority and please everyone around them. While there are assets to be found in both types of women, it is the â€Å"Chen Ling’s† and â€Å"Jasmine’s† that the world seems to remember and adore.Everyone has fears, and when we see someone able to throw fear to the wind and beha ve as they wish rather than as they believe they should, it is hard not to admire that person. From my perspective, people like Jasmine, Pei, and Chen Ling, who chase happiness and refuse to abide by social dictations, should not be ashamed in the least. Rather, those such as Li and Yu-sung, who conform to their roles so completely that they deny themselves of happiness in the process, need to learn their self-worth and realize that they are smart and capable of thinking for themselves.

Leadership Is The Capacity Of Leadership - 1366 Words

Warren Bennis once said, â€Å"leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality†, but in what way do leaders manage to accomplish this? Leaders are people who use a variety of methods to influence or be of influence to others. They are considered to be the visionaries and decisions makers that help sustain economic growth and promote growth in our society . The key to successful leadership is not through authority but by the use of influence. The most common way leaders influence others is through a mutual cause. Leaders and followers are drawn together by a common goal because it is only through their talents combined that they can achieve success. Another way leaders can influence others is by using consensus. Consensus allows†¦show more content†¦Still Malala stood by her conviction and protested against this injustice. People who heard about her stance against the Taliban were inspired by her moving performance. It was through her spark of inspiration that ignited others to follow her lead. After her miraculous recovery from the bullet wounds Malala wasted no time in beginning her global journey to spread education awareness. Now people from all around the world including prime ministers, actors, and even other leaders gather together to listen to her speeches and her vision for change. Some of her followers have become leaders themselves, and have even started educational organizations of their own. Through their efforts combined, Malala and her followers were able to give to create opportunities for children of unfortunate situations to receive better education and have a brighter future. Ma lala’s hard work,determination, and influence has made a positive impact on society and on the lives of many others. As a result leaders influence people with a common goal or belief so that together they can work to achieve success. Another method leaders use to influence others is by using consensus. Even though this often takes a long time it resolves disputes in a positive and fair way. It allows for everyone’s opinion is taken into careful consideration and put into the final resolution. Consensus is important for successful management and leadership because it allows for cooperation, participation and evenShow MoreRelatedLeadership Is The Capacity Of A Company3045 Words   |  13 Pages Leadership has nothing to do with seniority or one’s position in the hierarchy of a company. Too many talk about a company’s leadership referring to the senior most executives in the organization. They are just that, senior executives. Leadership doesn’t automatically happen when you reach a certain pay grade. 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Computer Crime Essay - 1055 Words

ABSTRACT Billions of dollars in losses have already been discovered. Billions more have gone undetected. Trillions will be stolen, most without detection, by the emerging master criminal of the twenty-first century--the computer crime offender. Worst of all, anyone who is computer literate can become a computer criminal. He or she is everyman, everywoman, or even every child. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION To first understand computer crime one must understand first what crime is. According to Diana Kendall, crime is a behavior that violates criminal law and is punishable with fines, jail or other sanctions (Kendall 1999; 161). Yet since computer technology is so new it has really no laws to govern it. A law is formal norms that are†¦show more content†¦They have formed their own subcultures and hold many different beliefs about the information that is stored in personal computers. Said best by J. Thomas McEwen in the article Computer Ethics many hackers believe that computerized data [is] free and should be accessible to anyone (McEwen 1991; 8-11). A subculture is a group a group of people who share a different set of beliefs that differ significantly from the larger society (Kendall; 604). Besides forming subcultures, many hackers have learned their behavior from other hackers. Besides the fact that many hackers learn, their ways from other hackers many after arrested are fo rmally labeled as a hacker and a deviant, those who violate cultural norms and beliefs (Kendall; 598) The labeling theory suggests that deviants are those have been labeled as such by others (Kendall; 166). As written by David Pitch ford in the London magazine, Focus, one hacker after being arrested was not deterred, he instead became a more active and in 92 became cyberspaces first megastar Pitchford; pages 10-13). It was only after his second arrest that he stopped offences. 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Character Analysis Of The Movie Coach Carter - 999 Words

Coach Carter, (Director, Carter, T) The movie Coach Carter is based on a real coach name Ken Carter. Ken Carter is currently a resident of Richmond Virginia who made headlines in 1999 for benching his undefeated high school team for low performance in their classes. Ken Carter is a former graduate of the high school he is currently coaching. As a former high school athlete, Coach Carter wanted to lead his team to victory and savage the representation of his former high school. Consequently, Coach Carter, faced hostility from the parents, the staff and his students regarding student’s environment. The determination that Coach Carter, had for his students were remarkable. The outcome of all his hard work was success for him†¦show more content†¦thought that the coach was implementing the rules and expectations as a way to put himself in the limelight. 2. Identify Cultural or Historical Origins of Assumptions: The cultural and history of origin regarding the assumptions of the movie â€Å"Coach Carter† is often the stereotype of the United States urban school system. The stereotype is that most of, much of the population is 90% African American. While stereotyping in general reflects our expectations and beliefs about the group in question, ethnic stereotypes tend to be negative and prejudicial. First, we recognize that stereotypes present and affecting students because of stereotype Hispanics are lazy, Asian Americans are good in mathematics, women do poorly in science and math and African-Americans consistently underperform on standardized tests. Stereotype threat is like a self-fulfilling prophecy. Students will live up or down to perceived expectations. The cultural bias of the people was due to the expectation of what was perceived. 3. What is the Real Meaning of Assumptions (What is the Underlying Reason?) According to Mezirow (1991) â€Å"â€Å"A distorted assumption or premise is one that leads the learner to view reality in a way that arbitrarily limits what is included, impedes differentiation, lacks permeability or openness to other ways of seeing, or does not facilitate an integration of experience† (Mezirow, 1991, p. 118). 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In addition to the range of items normally considered as products and services, what is being marketed might include (a) ideas such as reducing air pollution or contributing to the red cross (b) people, such as new football coach or a political candidate and (c) places, such as industrial plant sites or a place to for a vocation. In a broad sense markets include more than the direct consumers of products services and ideas. 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Articles Of Confederation Essay Example For Students

Articles Of Confederation Essay Articles of ConfederationFrom 1781 to 1789 the Articles of Confederation provided the United States with an ineffective government, however there were some strong steps taken in the articles to try and make the United States a better country. The articles created a loose confederation of independent states that gave limited powers to a central government, known as Congress. Some actions taken by Congress, such as the Treaty of Paris, and certain powers that were given to them were sometimes beneficial to the United States. Nevertheless, in attempting to limit the power of the central government, the Second Continental Congress created one without sufficient power to govern effectively, which led to serious national and international problems. The greatest weakness of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation was its inability to regulate trade and levy taxes. In the long run, the Articles of Confederation was a shot in the arm for the United States. The Articles of C onfederation arranged a national government that would consist of a single house of Congress, where each state would have one vote. Congress had the power to set up a postal department, to estimate the costs of the government and request donations from the states, and to raise armed forces. Congress could also borrow money as well as declare war and enter into treaties and alliances with foreign nations. With this power, Congress was able to make the Articles of Confederation look good by signing the Treaty of Paris in 1783. This treaty, signed along with Great Britain, concluded the American Revolution. By its terms, Great Britain recognized the thirteen colonies as the free and independent United States of America. However, the most important power was that Congress had the right to obtain territory and control development of the western territories, which was previously controlled by their mother country, Great Britain. (Doc D) With the Articles of Confederation, the United State s was able to break away from their mother country and become a free nation, setting up their own government. Although the articles set the United States free, it was unable to provide them with a solid government. Leaders like John Jay and James Madison criticized the Articles of Confederation because of the weak government. (Doc G) There were several problems between the states and the central government. For instance, sometimes the states refused to give the government the money it needed, and they engaged in tariff wars with one another, bringing interstate trading to a halt. The government could not pay off the debts it had incurred during the revolution, including paying soldiers who had fought in the war and citizens who had provided supplies to the cause. (Doc C) In addition, the new nation was unable to defend its borders from British and Spanish encroachment because it could not pay for an army when the states would not contribute the necessary funds. Another serious probl em was that Congress could not pass needed measures because they lacked nine-state majority required to become laws. The states largely ignored Congress, which was powerless to enforce cooperation, and it was therefore unable to carry out its duties; duties such as trade regulation, which began to crumble with the entrance of the articles. The United States was unable to expand their market value with the population. (Doc B) With all of the difficulty between the people and the government, it is obvious that the Articles of Confederation weakened the United States. Congress did gain some control, and did some good deeds, but their control was too limited, and they could not get along with the people. The central government could not manage the trade regulation, nor could they levy taxes on the people. With no money being brought into the government, no country is able to be successful. .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .postImageUrl , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:hover , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:visited , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:active { border:0!important; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:active , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: CRITICAL THINKING Essay

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Western Scientific Paradigm The western scientific paradigm is widely influencing the world through the different fields of disciplines such education, arts, medicine, and culture. It is grounded upon a dominant worldview that is representative of western ideas and perceptions. Basically it is characterized by analytic and scientific based inquiries that are geared to be predictable and controllable. Its influence is wide enough to be considered as the standard for success and applicability in different fields of disciplines But because of its dominance, concerns about it being one sided is also evident. In the word of Rothstein (2001), Western science is hardly neutral and objective. Instead it is full of unexamined prejudices and preferences and presumptions. Need essay sample on "Western Scientific Paradigm" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed To define what is a western scientific paradigm is unclear apart from its philosophical, including both cosmological issues and epistemological questions; sociological; and technological dimensions. Indigenous groups from non-western cultures have expressed their sentiments and concerns about the imposing nature of the western scientific approach because of the misunderstandings and gaps it created among people of diverse cultures. Along the way, the application has led to the denial of other worldviews by being critical and partial. Jamison (1994) explicitly said, Part of the problem with the critiques of Western science is that they have been partial critiques and have failed to provide what might be considered workable alternatives to the totality of Western science. The alternatives, like the critiques, have all too often been too narrowly focused to be effective. Science in the Western perspective is often experimental in practice, through the use of technical instruments and other experimental apparatus. From the emergence of Scientific Revolution down through the history to the present Global era, western scientific norms and applications still take the lead in transforming science into an industrial and technological application.Historically, the influence of the Western scientific paradigm among the Latin Americans is wide in scope, owing to the fact that Western cultures have a great influence on this people on its the discovery and colonization in the 14th century. Citing Rouquie, Leon and Sonntag mentioned that Latin America and Caribbean are said to be part of the West, though they have been called the Extreme Occident; they further explained that its societies are, in the view of Clash of Civilizations, bearers of a culture of their own, which gives them a distinct identity that distinguishes them from the West. Latin Americans are c haracterized as hybrid, originating from different cultures with the strong influence of the Western (European, and Spanish), Portuguese and African cultures through the black slavery. An indigenous approach needs to be practiced that is expressive of ones origin, culture and worldview. Though it is open to prevalent scientific and technological perspective, it has its own way of discovering new concepts of knowledge that is localized in perspective and practice. Lalor (2005), proposed an ubuntu concept (African concept), a principle based on respect, dignity, compassion and mutual support, should underpin and inform efforts to leverage our greatest national asset - the diversity of our people. Lalor said, It is this human wealth that can provide the dynamism, creative energy and innovative ways of thinking and problem-solving required to successfully compete in an increasingly complex and multi-cultural local and global business context. And the fundamental notion of ubuntu is that our individual humanity is ideally expressed through our relationship with others will be a powerful driver for transformation and growth: economic, social and spiritual. References Jamison, Andrew, (1994). The uncertain quest: science, technology, and development, The United Nations University, Tokyo. Rothstein, Edward, (2005). Coming to Blows Over How Valid Science Really Is, New York Times, New York, 2001 Lalor Leon, Roberto B, Social Science and Latin America, Promises to Keep. Journal of World-Systems Research VI. 798-810